Lack of Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Depression in Korean Adults: Analysis Based on the 2016 and 2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys / 우울ㆍ조울병

Background@#This study aims to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression in Korean adults using data from the 2016 and 2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). @*Methods@#The total number of participants in the 7th period 1st year (2016) and 3rd year (2018) surveys of KNHANES was 16142. This study was conducted with 10,722 subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and responded to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Analysis of covariance was used to adjust the differences due to demographic factors, laboratory findings, and underlying diseases to understand the relationship between metabolic syndrome and PHQ-9 scores, if any. @*Results@#The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined to be 25.6% in this study. The PHQ-9 scores with and without metabolic syndrome were 2.56 and 2.48, respectively, and there was no significant difference when the confounding variable was corrected (p=0.406). According to the analysis of each PHQ-9 item and metabolic syndrome, the results were not significant. @*Conclusion@#In this cross-sectional study conducted in Korean adults, no significant correlation was found between metabolic syndrome and depression.

Biodistribution and Scintigraphy of Iodine-131-Iododeoxyadenosine in Rats Bearing Breast Cancer / 대한핵의학회잡지

PURPOSE: I-131 labeled (2'-deoxy-2-iodo-p-D-arabinofuranosyl) adenine (IAD) may be involved in DNA synthesis during active proliferation of tumor cells. We conducted this study to find out the biodistribution of IAD and its feasibility for scintigraphic tumor imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tosyl acetyl-adenosine was dissolved in acetonitrile, and I-131-NaI was added and heated to synthesize IAD. Female Fisher 344 rats innoculated with breast tumor cells were injected witb 0.27 MBq of IAD. Rats were sacrificed at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 24h and the % of injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) was determined. For scintigraphy, rats bearing breast cancer were administered with 1.11 MBq of IAD and imaging was perforrned after 2 and 24h. Then, rat body was fixed and rnicrotomized slice was placed on radiographic film for autoradiography, RESULTS: %ID/g of tumor wa.' 0.74 (0.5h), 0.73 (1h), 0.55 (2h), 0.38 (4h), and 0.05 (24h), respectively. At 1h after injection, %ID/g of tumor was higher than that of heart (0.34), liver (0.42), spleen (0.47), kidney (0,69), muscle (0.14), bone (0.33) and intestine (0.51). However, %1D/g of tumor was lower than blood (1.06), lung (0.77), and thyroid (177.71). At 4h, %ID/g of tumor in comparison with other tissue did not change. Tumor contrast expressed by tumor to blood ratio was 0.69 and tumor to muscle ratio was 5.11 at 1h. However, these ratios did not improve through 24h. On autoradiogram and scintigraphy at 2 and 24 hour, the tumor was well visualized. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that Ial) may have a potential for tumor scintigraphy. However, further work is needed to improve localization in tumor tissue.

MR Imaging of the Denvervated Skeletal Muscles in Rabbits

PURPOSE: To determine the time of magnetic resonance(MR) signal intensity changes in denervated skeletal muscle and to compare MR imaging with electromyography(EMG) in the evaluation of peripheral nerve injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated MR imagings of denervated muscles after experimental transection of the sciatic nerve in five rabbits using 1.0T MR unit. MR imaging and EMG were performed 3 days and 1, 2 and 3 weeks after denervation. T1-weighted images(T1-WI), T2-WI and Short Tau Inversion Recovery(STIR) images were obtained. The signal intensity (SI) of muscles in the denervated and normal sides were visually and quantitatively compared. After measuring the SI of the normal and abnormal areas, the time of SI change was determined when there was significant difference (P<0.05) of SI between the normal and denervated sides. RESULTS: On STIR images, two of the five rabbits showed significant SI changes at the third day(P<0.05) and all showed significant changes(P<0.05)at the first week. On T2-WI, one rabbit showed significant SI changes at the third day, and all showed significant SI changes at the first week. On T1-WI, significant SI changes were seen in one rabbit at the second week and in one at the third. One week after denervation, all showed denervation potential on EMG. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that MR imaging using STIR images is a useful method in the evaluation of denervated muscle, and that MR signal changes of denervated muscle may precede EMG changes after denervation. To localize and to determine the severity of the peripheral nerve injury, future analysis of the distribution of abnormal MR SI in denervated muscles would be helpful.